5. GASES

1. INTRO

This lesson is a continuation of the previous, Changing State. In it we are going to focus our attention on Gas.

First, let´s remember some of the properties  of Solids (Ah, sorry, you don´t know what "PROPERTIES" means? Well, find it in the new Wikipedia for kids: http://www.wikiforkids.ws/).

Here are the properties of Solids:

· They keep their shape.

· They do not flow.

· They keep their volume.

Now, the properties of Liquids:

· They don´t keep their shape, they take the shape of their container.

· They change shape.

· They flow.

Properties of Gases: read the top line here [click me], find the properties of gases, and explain them in your own words.

2

BE ACCURATE in your STATEMENTS

Here you are going to read two statements about wax. One is good, but the other is almost perfect. 

(Ah, sorry, you don´t know what "STATEMENT" means? Well, find it in the new Wikipedia for kids!)

The two statements are about wax. Wax is the material that bees create to construct their hives (find more about bees here: one, two). Here they are, remember, one is good, but the other is almost perfect.

A. Wax is a solid.

B. At room temperature, wax is a solid. 

Which is the good one and which is the very good one? Explain why? 

*This question might sound silly but thinking it you are learning a little bit of what Einstein called Theory of Relativity. 

Can i ask you another question. Is the sun big or small? Click me 

3

TRUE or FALSE

Here are some more statements about gas. What do you think?

·Oxygen is a gas.

·Air is a gas.

·Air is a mixture of several gases. *

·Water is a gas.

·Water is not a gas, but it can change state into gas: H and O

·All gases smell.

·Gases explode when in contact with fire. 

·Gases do not weigh anything.

·You can see gases with a microscope *

4

A LITTLE EXPERIMENT

First get a long glass. Now, roll a piece of paper into a paper ball. Put the paper ball into the bottom of the glass. Next you need a deep container, like a bucket. Fill it with water. 

Hold the glass with the paper ball in it upside-down and introduce it in the water. Keep it vertical.  

Pull it out. Explain what has happened, and why.

5

AIR

Can you memorize the composition of air? Try:

-Air is a mixture of 78.03% nitrogen, 20.99% oxygen, 0.94% argon, 0.03% carbon dioxide, 0.01% hydrogen, 0.00123% Neon, 0.0004% helium, 0.00005% krypton, 0.000006% xenon.-

What? Who said it was easy? You? Did you memorize the percentages too? You did! Oh Wow! Congratulations! Here, a present for YOU: CLICK ME. *   

Sorry, that was a joke, here´s your real present.

6

MORE ON GASES

NEON:

Neon is a noble gas. It is chemical element 10 on the periodic table. Its symbol is Ne.

Neon gas is used in lamps. When electricity goes through the neon, it lights up in many different colors. Due to this quality, it is used in signs.

Check these images of Neon signs.

Check this video of how artists use Neon

HELIUM:

Helium is a chemical element. It has the chemical symbol He and atomic number 2.

It is used to fill balloons and airships because it is lighter than air, and does not burn or react, meaning it is normally safe for using it in that way. It is also used in some kinds of light bulbs. People also breathe it in to make their voices sound higher than they normally do as a joke, but this is extremely dangerous if they breathe in too much, since it can kill them because they are not breathing normal air. Breathing too much helium can also cause long-term effects to vocal cords.

It can be created through the process of nuclear fusion in the sun. During this process, four Hydrogen atoms are fused together to form one Helium atom.

NITROGEN

Nitrogen is a chemical element. It has the chemical symbol N and atomic number 7.

It turns into a liquid at -195.8°C and turns into a solid at -210°C.

Nitrogen can be used to fill incandescent bulbs. It is also used to fill some tires and crisp packets. It can be used to make electric components like transistors. Liquid nitrogen can be used to freeze things.

Nitrogen compounds have many uses, such as anesthetics (nitrous oxide), explosives (dynamite), and cleaners (ammonia).

Check this video on liquid Nitrogen and ii

ENJOY THE READ.